How has the design of Woods lamps evolved over time?

The design of Woods lamps has evolved significantly since their invention in 1903 by Robert W. Wood. Here's how they've changed over time:

1. **Original Design (1903)**: The first Woods lamp used a special filter made of barium silicate glass with 9% nickel oxide to block visible light and allow UV light to pass through. This early design was primarily used for ultraviolet photography.

2. **Medical Applications Begin (1920s)**: The first medical application of the Woods lamp was in 1925 when it was used to detect tinea capitis (a fungal scalp infection). This marked the beginning of its use in dermatology.

3. **Design Improvements for Medical Use**: Over time, Woods lamps were modified to be more suitable for medical examinations. This included:
   - Smaller, more portable designs
   - Adjustments to the UV wavelength output
   - Safety features to protect both patients and operators

4. **Modern Adaptations**: Contemporary Woods lamps often incorporate:
   - LED technology for more efficient UV light production
   - Rechargeable batteries for convenience
   - Digital controls and multiple intensity settings
   - Ergonomic designs for easier handling

5. **Specialized Designs**: Some modern Woods lamps include:
   - Magnification features
   - Adjustable heads for better positioning
   - Integration with photography systems for documentation

6. **Safety Enhancements**: Modern designs include better eye protection features and improved filters to minimize exposure to harmful UV radiation.

7. **Portability**: Many current models are designed to be lightweight and portable, with options for both tabletop and handheld use.

The evolution of Woods lamp design reflects advances in optical technology, materials science, and user needs in medical and scientific applications. Despite these changes, the fundamental principle of using a specialized filter to isolate UV light remains at the core of Woods lamp functionality.

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